http://www.heartviews.org/currentissue.asp Heart Views 2004 - 5(2) Heart Views Medknow Publications1995-705X Cardiovascular News Heart Views 2004 5(2):36-38Heart Views http://www.heartviews.org/text.asp?2004/5/2/36/64558 http://www.heartviews.org/text.asp?2004/5/2/36/6455852 36 38 http://www.heartviews.org/text.asp?2004/5/2/36/64558

Heart Views 2004 5(2):36-38

]]> Tue,22 Jun 2010http://www.heartviews.org/text.asp?2004/5/2/36/64558 Richard A Jonas Controversies in Cardiology Heart Views 2004 5(2):39-43Heart Views http://www.heartviews.org/text.asp?2004/5/2/39/64560 http://www.heartviews.org/text.asp?2004/5/2/39/6456052 39 43 http://www.heartviews.org/text.asp?2004/5/2/39/64560 Richard A Jonas

Heart Views 2004 5(2):39-43

]]> Tue,22 Jun 2010http://www.heartviews.org/text.asp?2004/5/2/39/64560 Mark J Pletcher Jeffrey A Tice Michael Pignone Charles McCulloch Tracy Q Callister Warren S Browner Original Article Heart Views 2004 5(2):44-54Heart Views http://www.heartviews.org/text.asp?2004/5/2/44/64568 http://www.heartviews.org/text.asp?2004/5/2/44/6456852 44 54 http://www.heartviews.org/text.asp?2004/5/2/44/64568 Mark J Pletcher, Jeffrey A Tice, Michael Pignone, Charles McCulloch, Tracy Q Callister, Warren S Browner

Heart Views 2004 5(2):44-54

Background: The coronary artery calcium (CAC) score is an independent predictor of coronary heart disease. We sought to combine information from the CAC score with information from conventional cardiac risk factors to produce post-test risk estimates, and to determine whether the score may add clinically useful information. Methods: We measured the independent cross-sectional associations between conventional cardiac risk factors and the CAC score among asymptomatic persons referred for non-contrast electron beam computed tomography. Using the resulting multivariable models and published CAC score-specific relative risk estimates, we estimated post-test coronary heart disease risk in a number of different scenarios. Results: Among 9341 asymptomatic study participants (age 35-88 years, 40% female), we found that conventional coronary heart disease risk factors including age, male sex, self-reported hypertension, diabetes and high cholesterol were independent predictors of the CAC score, and we used the resulting multivariable models for predicting post-test risk in a variety of scenarios. Our models predicted, for example, that a 60-year-old non-smoking non-diabetic women with hypertension and high cholesterol would have a 47% chance of having a CAC score of zero, reducing her 10-year risk estimate from 15% (per Framingham) to 6-9%; if her score were over 100, however (a 17% chance), her risk estimate would be markedly higher (25-51% in 10 years). In low risk scenarios, the CAC score is very likely to be zero or low, and unlikely to change management. Conclusion: Combining information from the CAC score with information from conventional risk factors can change assessment of coronary heart disease risk to an extent that may be clinically important, especially when the pre-test 10-year risk estimate is intermediate. The attached spreadsheet makes these calculations easy.]]> Tue,22 Jun 2010http://www.heartviews.org/text.asp?2004/5/2/44/64568 Pawel Petkow Dimitrow Review Article Heart Views 2004 5(2):55-65Heart Views http://www.heartviews.org/text.asp?2004/5/2/55/64569 http://www.heartviews.org/text.asp?2004/5/2/55/6456952 55 65 http://www.heartviews.org/text.asp?2004/5/2/55/64569 Pawel Petkow Dimitrow

Heart Views 2004 5(2):55-65

This review focuses on transthoracic Doppler echocardiography as noninvasive method used to assess coronary flow reserve (CFR) in a wide spectrum of clinical settings. Transthoracic Doppler echocardiography is rapidly gaining appreciation as popular tool to measure CFR both in stenosed and normal epicardial coronary arteries (predominantly in left anterior descending coronary artery). Post-stenotic CFR measurement is helpful in: functional assessment of moderate stenosis, detection of significant or critical stenosis, monitoring of restenosis after revascularization. In the absence of stenosis in the epicardial coronary artery, decreased CFR enable to detect impaired microvascular vasodilatation in: reperfused myocardial infarct, arterial hypertension with or without left ventricular hypertrophy, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, syndrome X, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. In these diseases, noninvasive transthoracic Doppler echocardiography allows for serial CFR evaluations to explore the effect of various pharmacological therapies.]]> Tue,22 Jun 2010http://www.heartviews.org/text.asp?2004/5/2/55/64569 Sayed M Abdou Rachel Hajar Case Report Heart Views 2004 5(2):66-69Heart Views http://www.heartviews.org/text.asp?2004/5/2/66/64570 http://www.heartviews.org/text.asp?2004/5/2/66/6457052 66 69 http://www.heartviews.org/text.asp?2004/5/2/66/64570 Sayed M Abdou, Rachel Hajar

Heart Views 2004 5(2):66-69

]]> Tue,22 Jun 2010http://www.heartviews.org/text.asp?2004/5/2/66/64570 Rachel Hajar A Picture is Worth a Thousand Words Heart Views 2004 5(2):70-71Heart Views http://www.heartviews.org/text.asp?2004/5/2/70/64572 http://www.heartviews.org/text.asp?2004/5/2/70/6457252 70 71 http://www.heartviews.org/text.asp?2004/5/2/70/64572 Rachel Hajar

Heart Views 2004 5(2):70-71

]]> Tue,22 Jun 2010http://www.heartviews.org/text.asp?2004/5/2/70/64572 Rachel Hajar Art and Medicine Heart Views 2004 5(2):72-73Heart Views http://www.heartviews.org/text.asp?2004/5/2/72/64571 http://www.heartviews.org/text.asp?2004/5/2/72/6457152 72 73 http://www.heartviews.org/text.asp?2004/5/2/72/64571 Rachel Hajar

Heart Views 2004 5(2):72-73

]]> Tue,22 Jun 2010http://www.heartviews.org/text.asp?2004/5/2/72/64571 Hajar A Hajar Albinali Special Section Heart Views 2004 5(2):74-85Heart Views http://www.heartviews.org/text.asp?2004/5/2/74/64567 http://www.heartviews.org/text.asp?2004/5/2/74/6456752 74 85 http://www.heartviews.org/text.asp?2004/5/2/74/64567 Hajar A Hajar Albinali

Heart Views 2004 5(2):74-85

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