|
 |
| HISTORY OF MEDICINE |
|
| Year : 2017 | Volume
: 18
| Issue : 3 | Page : 109-114 |
|
|
Risk factors for coronary artery disease: Historical perspectives
Rachel Hajar
Department of Cardiology, Heart Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| Date of Web Publication | 8-Nov-2017 |
Correspondence Address:
M.D. Rachel Hajar
Department of Cardiology, Heart Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha
Qatar
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/HEARTVIEWS.HEARTVIEWS_106_17
How to cite this article:
Hajar R. Risk factors for coronary artery disease: Historical perspectives. Heart Views 2017;18:109-14 |
 Introduction | |  |
We consider our current understanding and therapy of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) state-of-the-art, but heart disease is still a problem because there is still a lot that we do not know. There is still no cure for any form of heart disease. However, research is ongoing, and new clues are emerging which could lead to better treatments in the future. Results from epidemiological studies, foremost among them the Framingham study, have been crucial to our current knowledge about CVD. Emphasis is on the identification of risk factors, assessment of their predictive ability, and their implications for disease prevention.
The concept of “risk factors” in coronary heart disease (CHD) was first coined by the Framingham heart study (FHS), which published its findings in 1957. FHS demonstrated the epidemiologic relations of cigarette smoking, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels to the incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD). The findings were truly revolutionary for it helped bring about a change in the way medicine is practiced.
Beginnings of our understanding
For thousands of years, our knowledge of the causes of CVD and its therapy was static. It was only in the last half of the 20th century that research into the causes of CVDs accelerated, and with it, new therapies were found.
What stimulated this research? The premature death in 1945 of the US President Franklin D. Roosevelt from hypertensive heart disease and stroke stimulated this research in USA.[1] Deaths from CVD and stroke reached epidemic proportions in the USA at that time which induced the Americans to take the lead in cardiovascular research.
The death of President Roosevelt illustrated how little we knew about the general causes of heart disease and stroke. Therefore, a health project was set up in the USA– the FHS – to identify the common factors or characteristics that contribute to CVD. FHS was under the direction of the National Heart Institute, now known as the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.[2] Researchers followed the development of CHD over a long period in a large group of participants who had not yet developed overt symptoms of CVD or suffered a heart attack or stroke. The small town of Framingham in Massachusetts, USA was chosen due to its geographical proximity to the many cardiologists at Harvard Medical School. Furthermore, the residents had already participated in the Framingham tuberculosis demonstration study two decades earlier.[3]
The town of Framingham is located outside Boston. It was a small, middle-class community, and its small population made it an ideal site to launch the heart study. Everybody knew everyone. It was a typical small-town in the USA. The researchers hoped they would find clues in the medical histories of the people of Framingham which might shed light on causes of CVD. They recruited 5,209 men and women between the ages of 30 and 62 from the town of Framingham, Massachusetts. These study subjects underwent extensive physical examinations and lifestyle interviews that were analyzed for common patterns related to CVD development. Since 1948, the subjects have continued to return to the study every 2 years for a detailed medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests, and in 1971, the study enrolled a second generation-5,124 of the original participants' adult children, and their spouses to participate in similar examinations.[2] The FHS is now on its third generation of participants. The study has provided substantial insight into the epidemiology of CVD and its risk factors.
Framingham study leads the way
The Framingham study was responsible for pointing out fallacies in our understanding of CVDs and identification of its major risk factors: high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, smoking, obesity, diabetes, and physical inactivity as well as other valuable information on the effects of related factors such as blood triglyceride and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels, age, gender, and psychosocial issues. To date, no single risk factor has been identified to be responsible for causing CVD; rather, multiple interrelated factors seem responsible for its development. Although the Framingham cohort is Caucasian, other studies have shown that the major risk factors identified in this group apply universally to other racial and ethnic groups.
The notion of CVD risk factors is an integral part of modern medicine which has led to the development of effective treatment and preventive strategies in clinical practice.
Fallacies corrected
Physicians are sometimes taught some theories that are believed to be true without having been proven. These ideas or notions have been doctrines from centuries' old practices. Many of these concepts are taught us in medical school such as the notion that an elevated systolic blood pressure (BP) in the elderly is “normal,” which of course is false as I will discuss later. Then, a study comes along to dispel these erroneous ideas. Such a study was the Framingham heart study. Its epidemiological model of research has unraveled many of the fallacies in our understanding and helped to bring about a change in the way medicine is practiced.
The development of CHD through the prism of its major conventional cardiovascular risk factors – hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, smoking, and diabetes mellitus– is interesting, and hence, I will briefly look at how they evolved as risks through the “eyes” of the FHS and other epidemiological studies.
The major risk factors
There are many risk factors for CAD and some can be controlled but not others. The risk factors that can be controlled (modifiable) are: High BP; high blood cholesterol levels; smoking; diabetes; overweight or obesity; lack of physical activity; unhealthy diet and stress. Those that cannot be controlled (conventional) are: Age (simply getting older increases risk); sex (men are generally at greater risk of coronary artery disease); family history; and race.
Hypertension
Hypertension is one of the risks in the development of CHD. The American President Roosevelt died from cerebral hemorrhage, sequelae of hypertension.
Old myths corrected
Many old physicians thought that high BP was necessary to force blood through the stiffened arteries of older persons and that it was a normal element of aging. The medical community believed that a permissible systolic BP was 100 plus the participant's age in millimeters of mercury.[4],[5] For those aged >70 years, some considered the acceptable upper limits of normal BP to be 210 mmHg systolic and 120 mmHg diastolic.[6]
It was considered appropriate to ignore benign essential hypertension and isolated systolic hypertension. I remember that I was taught in medical school that diastolic pressure was a superior measure of blood pressure. The cardiovascular hazard of hypertension was believed to derive chiefly from the diastolic pressure component. Consequently, elevated systolic pressure was considered harmless, especially in the elderly.[7],[8]
FHS dispelled the concept of “benign essential hypertension.” Belief in the prime importance of the diastolic pressure was convincingly refuted by Framingham study data and later confirmed by other prospectively obtained data demonstrating that the impact of systolic pressure is actually greater than the diastolic component and that even isolated systolic hypertension is dangerous.[9],[10] FHS investigators found an increased risk of CAD morbidity with rising baseline blood pressure. They challenged the existing belief “that systolic pressure is unimportant, and that labile or benign essential hypertension is of little consequence.” They stated that there was “little evidence to support these contentions but considerable reason to doubt them.”[11]
The importance of controlling BP was finally embraced in practice guidelines in the first “Report of the Joint National Committee (JNC) on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure” in 1977.[12] It is now recognized universally that hypertension increases atherosclerotic CVD incidence; the risk burden is 2–3-fold. CAD is the most common sequelae for hypertensive patients of all ages.[13] Hypertension predisposes to all clinical manifestations of CHD including myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, and sudden death. Even high normal BP values are associated with an increased risk of CVD.[14]
It was thought that the risk ratio for intracerebral hemorrhage was greater than for atherothrombotic brain infarction. This was not true. It was found that hypertension was as strong a risk for atherothrombotic brain infarction as intracerebral hemorrhage.[11]
Framingham showed that the preponderance of hypertension-related strokes were atherothrombotic brain infarctions whether the hypertension was severe or mild. The proportion of strokes due to hemorrhage in mild hypertension was identical to that for severe hypertension.[4]
The Seventh JNC on hypertension established that those with BP of 120–139/80–89 mmHg are prehypertensives, that is, these individuals may become hypertensives in the future. Starting as low as 115/75 mmHg, the risk of heart attack and stroke doubles for every 20-point jump in systolic BP or every 10-point rise in diastolic BP for adults aged 40–70.
The presence of other risk factors for CVD such as high cholesterol, obesity, and diabetes is seen more in people with prehypertension than in those with normal blood pressure. The CVD risk in prehypertensives increases with the number of associated risk factors present. Therefore, prehypertension confers a greater risk for CVD.
In persons with mild to moderate hypertension, the substantial risk was shown to be concentrated in those with coexistent dyslipidemia, diabetes, and left ventricular hypertrophy. Hypertensive elderlies were commonly found to already have target organ damage such as impaired renal function, silent myocardial infarction, strokes, transient ischemic attacks, retinopathy, or peripheral artery disease. At least 60% of older men and 50% of elderly women with hypertension in the Framingham study had one or more of these conditions.[11]
In the past, initiation of antihypertensive treatment was often delayed until there was evidence of target organ involvement. Framingham study data indicated that this practice was unwise because 40%–50% of hypertensive persons developed overt cardiovascular events before evidence of target organ damage such as proteinuria, cardiomegaly, or electrocardiogram abnormalities.[11]
Various guidelines and numerous updates of guidelines on hypertension have been promulgated to improve its treatment and to prevent its adverse cardiovascular consequences. There is no cure for hypertension, but there are helpful pharmacological therapy and some strategies that a person can do to lower risk such as diet and exercise and checking BP regularly.
Hypercholesterolemia
The other major risk for CVD was cholesterol. In 1953, an association between cholesterol levels and CHD mortality was reported in various populations.[15] Animal and clinical observation have suggested such relationship. This association was confirmed by epidemiological studies showing a strong relation between serum total cholesterol and cardiovascular risk.[16],[17],[18]
It was shown that changes in cholesterol levels were associated with changes in CVD incidence rate.[19] Clinicians and epidemiologists accepted these findings, agreeing that total plasma cholesterol was a useful marker for predicting CVD. It was found that its component– the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) which is the principal lipoprotein transporting cholesterol in the blood, was also directly associated with CVD.[20],[21],[22] It was also found out that LDL cholesterol levels in young adulthood predict development of CVD later in life.[22]
Current guidelines identify LDL-C as the primary target for high blood cholesterol therapy.[23] The benefits of LDL-C lowering drug therapies has been shown in various clinical, observational and experimental studies.[24] It has been shown that the benefits of reducing serum cholesterol for CHD risk are age-related: a 10% reduction in serum cholesterol produces a drop in CHD risk of 50% at the age of 40, 40% at age 50, 30% at age 60, and 20% at age 70.[25]
Now, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is accepted by the medical community as an important factor in atherosclerosis and consequently, raising HDL-C has become an accepted therapeutic strategy for decreasing CHD incidence rate. There are some drugs that increase HDL-C such as fibrates, niacin, and torcetrapib, a cholesterol ester transfer protein but only fibrates have been shown to reduce risk of major coronary events. It is estimated that a 1 mg/dL increase in HDL level is associated with a decrease in coronary risk of 2% in men and 3% in women.[26]
Smoking
The Framingham study showed that smokers were at increased risk of myocardial infarction (MI) or sudden death and that risk was associated to the number of cigarettes smoked each day.[27] These results were confirmed by other epidemiological studies.[28],[29],[30] The deleterious effect of smoking on health has been proven in many studies, in particular on atherosclerosis.
The harmful effects of smoking on the heart can be appreciated in the following statistics:
- Cigarette smoking approximately doubles the risk of morbidity and mortality from ischemic heart disease compared with a lifetime of not smoking, and the risk is related to the duration and amount of smoking.[31],[32]
- There is evidence that in patients with CHD, smoking cessation reduces the risk of all-cause mortality and nonfatal MI.[33] Therefore, all patients with ischemic heart disease should be advised to stop smoking because it is a strong risk factor for a first MI and for fatal and nonfatal recurrences.
- The risk of morbidity and mortality associated with cigarette smoking falls immediately after stopping smoking, although it may be >20 years, if at all, before the risk associated with smoking is completely reversed.[31],[34]
- About 20% of patients will give up smoking after an acute MI with resultant 40% reduction in mortality rates and infarct recurrences.[35],[36]
- For smokers under the age of 50 years the risk of developing CHD is 10 times greater than for nonsmokers of the same age.[37]
- Passive smoking also increases the risk of CHD.[38]
Diabetes
The role of diabetes in the pathogenesis of CVD was unclear until 1979 when Kannel et al. used data from the Framingham heart study to identify diabetes as a major cardiovascular risk factor. Based on 20 years of surveillance of the Framingham cohort, a two-fold to threefold increased risk of clinical atherosclerotic disease was reported. It was also one of the first studies to demonstrate the higher risk of CVD in women with diabetes compared to men with diabetes.[39] These results have been duplicated by multiple studies. The Kannel article changed the way the medical community thought about diabetes. It is now accepted as a major cardiovascular risk factor. There is a clear-cut relationship between diabetes and CVD. The American Heart association cites the following statistics:[40]
- At least 68% of people age 65 or older with diabetes die from some form of heart disease; and 16% die of stroke.
- Adults with diabetes are two to four times more likely to die from heart disease than adults without diabetes.
- The American Heart association considers diabetes to be one of the seven major controllable risk factors for CVD.
Diabetes is treatable but even if glucose levels are under control it greatly increases the risk of heart disease and stroke because people with diabetes also have other conditions that are risks for developing CHD such as hypertension, smoking, abnormal cholesterol, obesity, lack of physical activity, and metabolic syndrome. The good news is that by managing these risk factors, people with diabetes may avoid or delay the development of CVD.
Physical inactivity
“Conductors on London's double-decker buses (up and down stairs 11 days a fortnight, 50 weeks a year, often for decades) experienced half or less the incidence of acute MI and “sudden death” ascribed to CHD in the sedentary bus drivers.”[41] Thus, began Morris et al. in his landmark article in 1953 which appeared in The Lancet on the association of physical activity and coronary artery disease. Since then a number of epidemiological studies have confirmed the relationship. The relative risk of death from CHD for sedentary compared with active individuals is 1.9 (95% confidence interval).[42] The recommendation of physical exercise has become an important element of preventative policies for the general population (in adults, elderly, and children).
Obesity
The association of obesity and CHD was fist noted by Kannel et al.[43] in Framingham 50 years ago. Obesity is also an independent risk factor for all-cause mortality. It is a metabolic disorder associated with comorbidities such as CHD, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and sleep apnea. Alterations in metabolic profile and various adaptations in cardiac structure and function occur as excess adipose tissue accumulates.[44] A recent study reported that higher body mass index (BMI) during childhood is associated with an increased risk of CHD in adulthood.[44]
The prevention and control of overweight and obesity in adults and children has become a key element for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.[45],[46]
Cardiovascular diseases risk assessment
Absolute prediction of CVD risk of a person can be made using prediction charts issued or published by the WHO and ACC/AHA. The recommendations are made for management of major cardiovascular risk factors through changes in lifestyle and prophylactic drug therapies.
The ACC/AHA have produced guidelines for the procedures of detection, management, or prevention of CVD. In November 2013, The ACC and AHA released updated risk-assessment guidelines for atherosclerotic CVD. Changes and recommendations include the following.[47],[48],[49],[50],[51]
- Stroke is added to the list of coronary events traditionally covered by risk prediction equations.
- The guidelines focus primarily on the 10-year risk of atherosclerosis-related events; they focus secondarily on the assessment of lifetime risk for adults aged 59 or younger without high shorter-term risk.
- The strongest predictors of 10-year risk are identified as age, sex, race, total cholesterol, HDL-C, blood pressure, blood-pressure treatment status, diabetes, and current smoking status.
- Adjunct formulas for refining risk estimates by gender and race are provided.
- If risk prediction needs to be further sharpened after risk prediction equations have been performed, the guidelines indicate that coronary-artery calcium scores, family history, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and the ankle-brachial index can be used.
- The guidelines recommend that statin therapy be considered in individuals whose 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) event risk is 7.5% or greater.
Guidelines from AHA/ACC recommend use of a revised calculator for estimating the 10-year risk of developing a first ASCVD event, which is defined as a nonfatal MI, death from CHD, or stroke (fatal or nonfatal) in a person who was initially free from ASCVD.[51] The calculator incorporates the following risk factors: sex, age, race, total cholesterol, HDL, systolic blood pressure, treatment for elevated blood pressure, diabetes, and smoking.
For patients 20–79 years of age who do not have existing clinical ASCVD, the guidelines recommend assessing clinical risk factors every 4–6 years. For patients with low 10-year risk (<7.5%), the guidelines recommend assessing 30-year or lifetime risk in patients 20–59-year-old.
The guidelines note that regardless of the patient's age, physicians should communicate risk data to the patient and refer to the AHA/ACC lifestyle guidelines, which cover diet and physical activity. For patients with elevated 10-year risk, physicians should communicate risk data and refer to the AHA/ACC guidelines on blood cholesterol and obesity.
| Summary | | |
CVD is a major cause of disability and premature death throughout the world. The underlying pathology of atherosclerosis develops over many years and is usually advanced by the time symptoms occur, generally in middle age. The risk of developing CAD increases with age, and includes age >45 years in men and >55 years in women. A family history of early heart disease is also a risk factor, such as heart disease in the father or a brother diagnosed before age 55 years and in the mother or a sister diagnosed before age 65 years. Acute coronary and cerebrovascular events frequently occur suddenly, and are often fatal before medical care can be given. I have discussed above the major traditional risk factors.
Many traditional risk factors for CAD are related to lifestyle, therefore preventative treatment can be tailored to modifying specific factors. It is very important to know these risks to reduce disability and premature deaths from CHD, cerebrovascular disease and peripheral vascular disease in people at high risk, who have not yet experienced a cardiovascular event. People with established CVD are at very high risk of recurrent events.
Current guidelines provide advice on screening and identifying asymptomatic individuals at risk of developing CVD. The objectives of these guidelines are to reduce the incidence of first or recurrent clinical events due to CHD, ischemic stroke, and peripheral artery disease. The focus is on prevention of disability and early death. The guidelines emphasize the importance of lifestyle changes and use of different prophylactic drug therapies in the management of risks.
The understanding of such risk factors is critical to the prevention of cardiovascular morbidities and mortality.
Financial support and sponsorship
Nil.
Conflicts of interest
There are no conflicts of interest.
| References | | |
| 1. | Mahmood SS, Levy D, Vasan RS, Wang TJ. The Framingham heart study and the epidemiology of cardiovascular disease: A historical perspective. Lancet 2014;383:999-1008.  |
| 2. | |
| 3. | Dawber TR, Meadors GF, Moore FE Jr. Epidemiological approaches to heart disease: The Framingham study. Am J Public Health Nations Health 1951;41:279-81. |
| 4. | Kannel WB. Fifty years of Framingham study contributions to understanding hypertension. J Hum Hypertens 2000;14:83-90. |
| 5. | Mickerson JN. Heart failure in hypertensive patients. Am Heart J 1963;65:267-74. |
| 6. | Caird FI. Heart disease in old age. Postgrad Med J 1963;39:408-20. |
| 7. | Harrison TR. Principles of Internal Medicine. 14 th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1974. |
| 8. | Beeson PB, McDermott W. Cecil Loeb Textbook of Medicine. 5 th ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders; 1963. |
| 9. | Kannel WB, Gordon T, Schwartz MJ. Systolic versus diastolic blood pressure and risk of coronary heart disease. The Framingham study. Am J Cardiol 1971;27:335-46. |
| 10. | Kannel WB, Dawber TR, McGee DL. Perspectives on systolic hypertension. The Framingham study. Circulation 1980;61:1179-82. |
| 11. | Kannel WB. Hypertension: Reflections on risks and prognostication. Med Clin North Am 2009;93:541-58. |
| 12. | Report of the joint national committee on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure. A cooperative study. JAMA 1977;237:255-61. |
| 13. | Kannel WB. Framingham study insights into hypertensive risk of cardiovascular disease. Hypertens Res 1995;18:181-96. |
| 14. | Vasan RS, Larson MG, Leip EP, Evans JC, O'Donnell CJ, Kannel WB, et al. Impact of high-normal blood pressure on the risk of cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med 2001;345:1291-7. |
| 15. | O'Donnell CJ, Elosua R. Cardiovascular risk factors. Insights from Framingham heart study. Rev Esp Cardiol 2008;61:299-310. |
| 16. | Relationship of blood pressure, serum cholesterol, smoking habit, relative weight and ECG abnormalities to incidence of major coronary events: Final report of the pooling project. The pooling project research group. J Chronic Dis 1978;31:201-306. |
| 17. | Stamler J, Wentworth D, Neaton JD. Is relationship between serum cholesterol and risk of premature death from coronary heart disease continuous and graded? Findings in 356,222 primary screenees of the multiple risk factor intervention trial (MRFIT). JAMA 1986;256:2823-8. |
| 18. | Anderson KM, Castelli WP, Levy D. Cholesterol and mortality 30 years of follow-up from the Framingham study. JAMA 1987;257:2176-80. |
| 19. | The lipid research clinics coronary primary prevention trial results. II. The relationship of reduction in incidence of coronary heart disease to cholesterol lowering. JAMA 1984;251:365-74. |
| 20. | Gofman JW, Young W, Tandy R. Ischemic heart disease, atherosclerosis, and longevity. Circulation 1966;34:679-97. |
| 21. | Kannel WB, Castelli WP, Gordon T. Cholesterol in the prediction of atherosclerotic disease. New perspectives based on the Framingham study. Ann Intern Med 1979;90:85-91. |
| 22. | Klag MJ, Ford DE, Mead LA, He J, Whelton PK, Liang KY, et al. Serum cholesterol in young men and subsequent cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med 1993;328:313-8. |
| 23. | National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (Adult treatment panel III) final report. Circulation 2002;106:3143-421. |
| 24. | Grundy SM, Cleeman JI, Merz CN, Brewer HB Jr., Clark LT, Hunninghake DB, et al. Implications of recent clinical trials for the national cholesterol education program adult treatment panel III guidelines. Circulation 2004;110:227-39. |
| 25. | Law MR, Wald NJ, Thompson SG. By how much and how quickly does reduction in serum cholesterol concentration lower risk of ischaemic heart disease? BMJ 1994;308:367-72. |
| 26. | Gordon DJ, Probstfield JL, Garrison RJ, Neaton JD, Castelli WP, Knoke JD, et al. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and cardiovascular disease. Four prospective American studies. Circulation 1989;79:8-15. |
| 27. | Doyle JT, Dawber TR, Kannel WB, Heslin AS, Kahn HA. Cigarette smoking and coronary heart disease. Combined experience of the Albany and Framingham studies. N Engl J Med 1962;266:796-801. |
| 28. | Lakier JB. Smoking and cardiovascular disease. Am J Med 1992;93:8S-12S. |
| 29. | Rosenberg L, Kaufman DW, Helmrich SP, Shapiro S. The risk of myocardial infarction after quitting smoking in men under 55 years of age. N Engl J Med 1985;313:1511-4. |
| 30. | Rosenberg L, Palmer JR, Shapiro S. Decline in the risk of myocardial infarction among women who stop smoking. N Engl J Med 1990;322:213-7. |
| 31. | Campbell NC, Thain J, Deans HG, Ritchie LD, Rawles JM. Secondary prevention in coronary heart disease: Baseline survey of provision in general practice. BMJ 1998;316:1430-4. |
| 32. | Cook DG, Shaper AG, Pocock SJ, Kussick SJ. Giving up smoking and the risk of heart attacks. A report from the British regional heart study. Lancet 1986;2:1376-80. |
| 33. | Critchley JA, Capewell S. Mortality risk reduction associated with smoking cessation in patients with coronary heart disease: A systematic review. JAMA 2003;290:86-97. |
| 34. | Wald NJ, Watt HC. Prospective study of effect of switching from cigarettes to pipes or cigars on mortality from three smoking related diseases. BMJ 1997;314:1860-3. |
| 35. | Jolly K, Bradley F, Sharp S, Smith H, Thompson S, Kinmonth AL, et al. Randomised controlled trial of follow up care in general practice of patients with myocardial infarction and angina: Final results of the Southampton heart integrated care project (SHIP). The SHIP collaborative group. BMJ 1999;318:706-11. |
| 36. | Wilhelmsen L. Coronary heart disease: Epidemiology of smoking and intervention studies of smoking. Am Heart J 1988;115:242-9. |
| 37. | |
| 38. | British Cardiac Society, British Hypertension Society, Diabetes UK, HEART UK, Primary Care Cardiovascular Society, Stroke Association, et al. JBS 2: Joint British societies' guidelines on prevention of cardiovascular disease in clinical practice. Heart 2005;91 Suppl 5:v1-52. |
| 39. | Kannel WB, McGee DL. Diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The Framingham study. JAMA 1979;241:2035-8. |
| 40. | |
| 41. | Morris JN, Heady JA, Raffle PA, Roberts CG, Parks JW. Coronary heart-disease and physical activity of work. Lancet 1953;265:1053-7. |
| 42. | Berlin JA, Colditz GA. A meta-analysis of physical activity in the prevention of coronary heart disease. Am J Epidemiol 1990;132:612-28. |
| 43. | Kannel WB, LeBauer EJ, Dawber TR, McNamara PM. Relation of body weight to development of coronary heart disease. The Framingham study. Circulation 1967;35:734-44. |
| 44. | Poirier P, Giles TD, Bray GA, Hong Y, Stern JS, Pi-Sunyer FX, et al. Obesity and cardiovascular disease: Pathophysiology, evaluation, and effect of weight loss: An update of the 1997 American Heart Association Scientific Statement on Obesity and Heart Disease from the Obesity Committee of the Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism. Circulation 2006;113:898-918. |
| 45. | Lama More RA, Alonso Franch A, Gil-Campos M, Leis Trabazo R, Martínez Suárez V, Moráis López A, et al. Childhood obesity. Recommendations of the nutrition committee of the Spanish association of pediatrics. Part I. Prevention. Early detection. Role of the pediatrician. An Pediatr (Barc) 2006;65:607-15. |
| 46. | U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Screening for obesity in adults: Recommendations and rationale. Ann Intern Med 2003;139:930-2. |
| 47. | |
| 48. | World Health Organization. Prevention of Recurrent Heart Attacks and Strokes in Low and Middle Income Populations. Evidence-Based Recommendations for Policy Makers and Health Professionals. Geneva; 2003. Available from: http://www.who.int/bookorders. [Last accessed on 2017 Jul 25]. |
| 49. | Greenland P, Alpert JS, Beller GA, Benjamin EJ, Budoff MJ, Fayad ZA, et al. 2010 ACCF/AHA guideline for assessment of cardiovascular risk in asymptomatic adults: A report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation 2010;122:e584-636. |
| 50. | Cohen R, Budoff M, McClelland RL, Sillau S, Burke G, Blaha M, et al. Significance of a positive family history for coronary heart disease in patients with a zero coronary artery calcium score (from the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis). Am J Cardiol 2014;114:1210-4. |
| 51. | Goff DC Jr., Lloyd-Jones DM, Bennett G, Coady S, D'Agostino RB, Gibbons R, et al. 2013 ACC/AHA guideline on the assessment of cardiovascular risk: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation 2014;129:S49-73. |
| This article has been cited by | | 1 |
The association between frailty and incident cardiovascular disease events in community-dwelling healthy older adults |
|
| A.R.M. Saifuddin Ekram, Andrew M. Tonkin, Joanne Ryan, Lawrence Beilin, Michael E. Ernst, Sara E. Espinoza, John J. McNeil, Mark R. Nelson, Christopher M. Reid, Anne B. Newman, Robyn L. Woods | | American Heart Journal Plus: Cardiology Research and Practice. 2023; : 100289 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 2 |
The relationship between social isolation, social support, and loneliness with cardiovascular disease and shared risk factors: a narrative review |
|
| Achamyeleh Birhanu Teshale, Htet Lin Htun, Jessie Hu, Lachlan L Dalli, Michelle H Lim, Barbara Barbosa Neves, J R Baker, Aung Zaw Zaw Phyo, Christopher M Reid, Joanne Ryan, Alice J Owen, Sharyn M Fitzgerald, Rosanne Freak-Poli | | Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. 2023; : 105008 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 3 |
Fat fighting liraglutide based nano-formulation to reverse obesity: Design, development and animal trials |
|
| Dheeraj Kumar Jakhar, Vishal Kumar Vishwakarma, Raghuraj Singh, Krishna Jadhav, Sadia Shah, Taruna Arora, Rahul Kumar Verma, Harlokesh Narayan Yadav | | International Journal of Pharmaceutics. 2023; : 122585 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 4 |
A multicomponent index method to evaluate the relationship between urban environment and CHD prevalence |
|
| Yu Li, Xu Gao, Yuejia Xu, Jiatian Cao, Wenqing Ding, Jingnan Li, Hongbo Yang, Yan Huang, Junbo Ge | | Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology. 2023; : 100569 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 5 |
Consumption of unprocessed or minimally processed foods and their association with cardiovascular events and cardiometabolic risk factors in Brazilians with established cardiovascular events |
|
| Aline Rosignoli da Conceição, Alessandra da Silva, Aline Marcadenti, Ângela Cristine Bersch-Ferreira, Bernardete Weber, Josefina Bressan | | International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition. 2023; : 1 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 6 |
Cardiovascular risk factors in diabetic patients with and without metabolic syndrome: a study based on the Rafsanjan cohort study |
|
| Gholamreza Bazmandegan, Mitra Abbasifard, Ali Esmaeili Nadimi, Hasan Alinejad, Zahra Kamiab | | Scientific Reports. 2023; 13(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 7 |
Preventive effect of
Helicobacter pylori
eradication on the coronary heart diseases depending on age and sex with a median follow-up of 51 months
|
|
| Sang Bin Kim, Nayoung Kim, Jaehyung Park, In-Chang Hwang, Seon Hee Lim, Du Hyun Song, Yonghoon Choi, Hyuk Yoon, Cheol Min Shin, Young Soo Park, Dong Ho Lee, Soyeon Ahn | | Helicobacter. 2023; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 8 |
Improved bias and reproducibility of coronary artery calcification features using deconvolution |
|
| Yingnan Song, Ammar Hoori, Hao Wu, Mani Vembar, Sadeer Al-Kindi, Leslie Ciancibello, James G. Terry, David R. Jacobs, John J. Carr, David L. Wilson | | Journal of Medical Imaging. 2023; 10(01) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 9 |
Insulin-like growth factor 1 reduces coronary atherosclerosis in pigs with familial hypercholesterolemia |
|
| Sergiy Sukhanov, Yusuke Higashi, Tadashi Yoshida, Svitlana Danchuk, Mitzi Alfortish, Traci Goodchild, Amy Scarborough, Thomas Sharp, James S. Jenkins, Daniel Garcia, Jan Ivey, Darla L. Tharp, Jeffrey Schumacher, Zach Rozenbaum, Jay K. Kolls, Douglas Bowles, David Lefer, Patrice Delafontaine | | JCI Insight. 2023; 8(4) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 10 |
Evaluation of pericoronary adipose tissue attenuation on CT |
|
| Runlei Ma, Roberto Fari, Pim van der Harst, Carlo N. De Cecco, Arthur E.Stillman, Rozemarijn Vliegenthart, Marly van Assen | | The British Journal of Radiology. 2023; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 11 |
Association between sociodemographic factors and cholesterol-lowering medication use in U.S. adults post-myocardial infarction |
|
| Elizabeth T. Mansi, Samantha Banks, Alyson J. Littman, Noel S. Weiss, Edward Chiyaka | | PLOS ONE. 2023; 18(2): e0281607 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 12 |
Risk for acquired coronary artery disease in genetic vs. congenital thoracic aortopathy |
|
| Onur B. Dolmaci, Tugay Ayyildiz, Robert E. Poelmann, Antoine H. G. Driessen, Dave R. Koolbergen, Robert J. M. Klautz, Jan H. N. Lindeman, Nimrat Grewal | | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine. 2023; 9 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 13 |
The association of the paraoxonase 1 Q192R polymorphism with coronary artery disease (CAD) and cardiometabolic risk factors in Iranian patients suspected of CAD |
|
| Mina Darand, Amin Salehi-Abargouei, Mohammad Yahya Vahidi Mehrjardi, Awat Feizi, Seyed Mustafa Seyedhossaini, Gholamreza Askari | | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine. 2023; 9 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 14 |
IgG N-Glycosylation Is Altered in Coronary Artery Disease |
|
| Barbara Radovani, Frano Vuckovic, Aldo P. Maggioni, Ele Ferrannini, Gordan Lauc, Ivan Gudelj | | Biomolecules. 2023; 13(2): 375 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 15 |
Is It Feasible to Predict Cardiovascular Risk among Healthy Vegans, Lacto-/Ovo-Vegetarians, Pescatarians, and Omnivores under Forty? |
|
| Izabela Kwiatkowska, Jakub Olszak, Alicja Brozek, Anna Blacha, Marcin Nowicki, Kalina Mackowiak, Piotr Formanowicz, Dorota Formanowicz | | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023; 20(3): 2237 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 16 |
Role of Terpenophenolics in Modulating Inflammation and Apoptosis in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Review |
|
| Muhamad Adib Abdul Ghani, Azizah Ugusman, Jalifah Latip, Satirah Zainalabidin | | International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(6): 5339 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 17 |
Role of the Gut Microbiome in the Development of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease |
|
| Ahmad Al Samarraie, Maxime Pichette, Guy Rousseau | | International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(6): 5420 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 18 |
Presence of trans-Fatty Acids Containing Ingredients in Pre-Packaged Foods and the Availability of Reported trans-Fat Levels in Kenya and Nigeria |
|
| Liping Huang, Adedayo E. Ojo, Judith Kimiywe, Alex Kibet, Boni M. Ale, Clementina E. Okoro, Jimmy Louie, Fraser Taylor, Mark D. Huffman, Dike B. Ojji, Jason H. Y. Wu, Matti Marklund | | Nutrients. 2023; 15(3): 761 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 19 |
Atypical Presentations of Myocardial Infarction: A Systematic Review of Case Reports |
|
| Imran A Khan, Habib Md R Karim, Chinmaya K Panda, Ghazal Ahmed, Swatishree Nayak | | Cureus. 2023; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 20 |
Atherogenic Index of Plasma and Its Association with Risk Factors of Coronary Artery Disease and Nutrient Intake in Korean Adult Men: The 2013–2014 KNHANES |
|
| Hye Ran Shin, SuJin Song, Jin Ah Cho, Sun Yung Ly | | Nutrients. 2022; 14(5): 1071 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 21 |
First Successful Human Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery Postoperative Heart Transplant: A Case Report |
|
| Sam Zeraatian Nejad, Mohammadhosein Akhlaghpasand, Ida Mohammadi, Kiarash Soltani, Foolad Eghbali | | Experimental and Clinical Transplantation. 2022; 20(12): 1141 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 22 |
Acute coronary syndrome: role of the nurse in patient assessment and management |
|
| Alison Malecki-Ketchell | | Nursing Standard. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 23 |
Assessment of Right Ventricular Function in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction |
|
| Praveen K Baghel, Sunil K Tripathi, Althaf A Vahab, Puneet Aggarwal | | Cureus. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 24 |
Incidence of Coronary Artery Disease in King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 2019–2020: A Retrospective Cohort Study |
|
| Fatma Albeladi, Iman Wahby Salem, Mohammed Zahrani, Layal Alarbedi, Abdulrahman Abukhudair, Huda Alnafei, Abeer Alraiqi, Nourah Alyoubi | | Cureus. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 25 |
Awareness of Coronary Artery Disease Risk Factors Among the Population of Taif City, Saudi Arabia |
|
| Walid Abukhudair, Mohammed A Alosaimi, Bandar A Alghamdi, Riyadh A Alharthi, Ahood A Mahjari, Ibrahim A Albalawi, Reemah F Alqahtani | | Cureus. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 26 |
The use of screening tools for cardiovascular risk assessment in psoriasis – A case- control study |
|
| Shekhar Neema, Sunmeet Sandhu, Biju Vasudevan, Senkadhir Vendhan D, Anwita Sinha, DurgaM Tripathy, Seema Patrikar | | Indian Dermatology Online Journal. 2022; 13(1): 46 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 27 |
Predictors of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) among Malaysian Adults: Findings from MyDiet-CHD Study |
|
| Wan Zulaika Wan Musa, Aryati Ahmad, Nur Ain Fatinah Abu Bakar, Nadiah Wan- Arfah, Ahmad Wazi Ramli, Nyi Nyi Naing | | Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences. 2022; 18(6): 259 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 28 |
Correlation of Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers with serum GDF-15 in a group of hypertensive Iraqi patients |
|
| Roaa Hatem Al Gburi, Raid D. Hashim, Hayder Ahmed Kadhim, Sevki Adam, Haider Abdulkareem Almashhadani | | Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2022; : 3466 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 29 |
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Toward Cardiovascular Diseases in the Lebanese Population |
|
| Marc Machaalani, Battoul Fakhry, Maisoon Zwaihed, Karl Mendelek, Nadine Mahmoud, Talal Hammoud, Mirna N. Chahine | | Global Heart. 2022; 17(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 30 |
Vital Signs Monitoring Based on Interferometric Fiber Optic Sensors |
|
| Weimin Lyu, Shuyang Chen, Fengze Tan, Changyuan Yu | | Photonics. 2022; 9(2): 50 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 31 |
PCSK9 Promotes Cardiovascular Diseases: Recent Evidence about Its Association with Platelet Activation-Induced Myocardial Infarction |
|
| Meidi Utami Puteri, Nuriza Ulul Azmi, Mitsuyasu Kato, Fadlina Chany Saputri | | Life. 2022; 12(2): 190 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 32 |
Clinical Patterns of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Ischemic Heart Disease Treatment: A Population-Based Cohort Study |
|
| Lung-Shuo Wang, Pei-Tzu Yen, Shih-Feng Weng, Jong-Hau Hsu, Jwu-Lai Yeh | | Medicina. 2022; 58(7): 879 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 33 |
Why Do High-Risk Patients Develop or Not Develop Coronary Artery Disease? Metabolic Insights from the CAPIRE Study |
|
| Martino Deidda, Antonio Noto, Christian Cadeddu Dessalvi, Daniele Andreini, Felicita Andreotti, Eleuterio Ferrannini, Roberto Latini, Aldo P. Maggioni, Marco Magnoni, Giuseppe Mercuro | | Metabolites. 2022; 12(2): 123 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 34 |
Untargeted Metabolomics Profiling Reveals Perturbations in Arginine-NO Metabolism in Middle Eastern Patients with Coronary Heart Disease |
|
| Ehsan Ullah, Ayman El-Menyar, Khalid Kunji, Reem Elsousy, Haira R. B. Mokhtar, Eiman Ahmad, Maryam Al-Nesf, Alka Beotra, Mohammed Al-Maadheed, Vidya Mohamed-Ali, Mohamad Saad, Jassim Al Suwaidi | | Metabolites. 2022; 12(6): 517 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 35 |
Clinical Significance of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 and CC Chemokine Receptor Type 2 Gene Polymorphisms in Young Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome |
|
| Mustafa Begenç TASCANOV, Senol ÇITLI | | Harran Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesi Dergisi. 2022; : 272 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 36 |
Sex Differences in Baseline Characteristics Do Not Predict Early Outcomes after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Results from the Australian GenesisCare Cardiovascular Outcomes Registry (GCOR) |
|
| Andre Conradie, Sinny Delacroix, MyNgan Duong, Nisha Schwarz, Enayet Chowdhury, Stephen Worthley, John Atherton, David Eccleston | | Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2022; 11(4): 1138 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 37 |
Influence of Risk Factors on Exercise Tolerance in Patients after Myocardial Infarction—Early Cardiac Rehabilitation in Poland |
|
| Aleksandra Bryndal, Sebastian Glowinski, Agnieszka Grochulska | | Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2022; 11(19): 5597 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 38 |
Are Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Patients at Increased Risk for Cardiovascular Diseases? |
|
| Onur B. Dolmaci, Sulayman El Mathari, Antoine H. G. Driessen, Robert J. M. Klautz, Robert E. Poelmann, Jan H. N. Lindeman, Nimrat Grewal | | Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2022; 12(1): 272 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 39 |
Bone Health in Patients with Dyslipidemias: An Underestimated Aspect |
|
| Panagiotis Anagnostis, Matilda Florentin, Sarantis Livadas, Irene Lambrinoudaki, Dimitrios G. Goulis | | International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(3): 1639 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 40 |
Aging of Vascular System Is a Complex Process: The Cornerstone Mechanisms |
|
| Anastasia V. Poznyak, Nikolay K. Sadykhov, Andrey G. Kartuesov, Evgeny E. Borisov, Vasily N. Sukhorukov, Alexander N. Orekhov | | International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(13): 6926 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 41 |
From Diabetes to Atherosclerosis: Potential of Metformin for Management of Cardiovascular Disease |
|
| Anastasia V. Poznyak, Larisa Litvinova, Paolo Poggio, Donato Moschetta, Vasily Nikolaevich Sukhorukov, Alexander N. Orekhov | | International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(17): 9738 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 42 |
Apolipoprotein E in Cardiometabolic and Neurological Health and Diseases |
|
| Jeyashree Alagarsamy, Anja Jaeschke, David Y. Hui | | International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(17): 9892 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 43 |
The New Markers of Early Obesity-Related Organ and Metabolic Abnormalities |
|
| Agata Ziomber-Lisiak, Kaja Piana, Beata Ostachowicz, Pawel Wróbel, Paula Kasprzyk, Jolanta Kaszuba-Zwoinska, Agnieszka Baranowska-Chowaniec, Kajetan Juszczak, Magdalena Szczerbowska-Boruchowska | | International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(21): 13437 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 44 |
Familial hypercholesterolaemia and coronary risk factors among patients with angiogram-proven premature coronary artery disease in an Asian cohort |
|
| Sukma Azureen Nazli, Yung-An Chua, Noor Alicezah Mohd Kasim, Zaliha Ismail, Ahmad Bakhtiar Md Radzi, Khairul Shafiq Ibrahim, Sazzli Shahlan Kasim, Azhari Rosman, Hapizah Nawawi, Xiao-Feng Yang | | PLOS ONE. 2022; 17(9): e0273896 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 45 |
Handgrip Strength-Related Factors in a Colombian Hypertensive Population: A Cross-Sectional Study |
|
| Yulieth Rivas-Campo, Elsa Patricia Muñoz-Laverde, Agustín Aibar-Almazán, José Daniel Jiménez-García, Antonio Martínez-Amat, Patricia Alexandra García-Garro, Juan Miguel Muñoz-Perete, Manuel Garcia-Sillero, Yolanda Castellote-Caballero | | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(6): 3726 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 46 |
Religiosity Is Associated with Reduced Risk of All-Cause and Coronary Heart Disease Mortality among Jewish Men |
|
| Sigal Eilat-Adar, Devora Hellerstein, Uri Goldbourt | | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(19): 12607 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 47 |
The Role of Fatty Acid Binding Protein 3 in Cardiovascular Diseases |
|
| Ben Li, Muzammil H. Syed, Hamzah Khan, Krishna K. Singh, Mohammad Qadura | | Biomedicines. 2022; 10(9): 2283 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 48 |
Lycopene: A Natural Arsenal in the War against Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Diseases |
|
| May Nasser Bin-Jumah, Muhammad Shahid Nadeem, Sadaf Jamal Gilani, Bismillah Mubeen, Inam Ullah, Sami I. Alzarea, Mohammed M. Ghoneim, Sultan Alshehri, Fahad A. Al-Abbasi, Imran Kazmi | | Antioxidants. 2022; 11(2): 232 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 49 |
The Association of Preoperative Depression, and C-Reactive Protein Levels with a Postoperative Length of Stay in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting |
|
| Stjepan Ivankovic, Vedran Coric, Frane Paic, Alma Mihaljevic Peles, Tomo Svagusa, Viktor Kalamar, Mate Petricevic, Bojan Biocina | | Applied Sciences. 2022; 12(20): 10201 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 50 |
Elucidating the relationship between dyslipidemia and osteoporosis: A multicenter, prospective cohort study protocol |
|
| Xu Wei, Yili Zhang, Chuanrui Sun, Baoyu Qi, Xinyi Huang, Ming Chen, Ning Liu, Kai Sun, Xin Chen, Xiaokuan Qin, Yanming Xie, Liguo Zhu | | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine. 2022; 9 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 51 |
Rs420137, rs386360 and rs7763726 polymorphisms in fibronectin type III domain containing 1 are associated with susceptibility to coronary heart disease: Analysis in the Han population |
|
| Xiaodan He, Xuemei Li, Xiaoyan Du, Jianlun Han, Hui Zhang, Yan Zhu, Honghong Ma | | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine. 2022; 9 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 52 |
Occupational Exposure to Poorly Soluble Low Toxicity Particles and Cardiac Disease: A Look at Carbon Black and Titanium Dioxide |
|
| Robert J. McCunney, Mei Yong, David B. Warheit, Peter Morfeld | | Frontiers in Public Health. 2022; 10 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 53 |
Correlation between chronic inflammation of rheumatoid arthritis and coronary lesions: “About a monocentric series of 202 cases” |
|
| Zaoui Nassime, Boukabous Amina , Irid Nabil , Bachir Nadhir , Terki Ali | | Journal of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine. 2022; 7(3): 109 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 54 |
Differences in the number of stented coronary arteries based on the seven traditional obesity parameters among patients with coronary artery diseases undergoing cardiac catheterization |
|
| Audai A Hayajneh, Islam M Alhusban, Mohammad Rababa, Sami Al-Rawashdeh, Shatha Al-Sabbah, Dania Bani-Hamad | | Electronic Journal of General Medicine. 2022; 19(5): em391 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 55 |
Neuropsychological tests and prediction of dementia in association with the degree of carotid stenosis |
|
| Ondrej Machaczka, David Školoudík, Jana Janoutová, Martin Roubec, Eva Reiterová, Martina Kovalová, Anna Zatloukalová, Petr Ambroz, Vladimír Janout | | Journal of Applied Biomedicine. 2022; 20(4): 115 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 56 |
Coronary Artery Disease in Patients Undergoing Transvalvular Aortic Valve Implantation |
|
| Yinghao Lim, Kent Anthony Tan, Ivandito Kuntjoro, Jimmy KF Hon, James Yip, Edgar Tay | | Interventional Cardiology: Reviews, Research, Resources. 2022; 17 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 57 |
Effectiveness of a Nurse-Led Support Programme Using a Mobile Application versus Phone Advice on Patients at Risk of Coronary Heart Disease – A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial |
|
| Eliza Mi Ling Wong, Doris Yin Ping Leung, Hon Lon Tam, Shuk Yee Ko, Angela Yee Man Leung, Simon Ching Lam, Ka Ching Cheung, Alice Siu Ping Cheung | | Risk Management and Healthcare Policy. 2022; Volume 15: 597 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 58 |
Hemp Seeds, Flaxseed, and Açaí Berries: Health Benefits and Nutritional
Importance with Emphasis on the Lipid Content |
|
| Pedro Magalhães, Rosário M. Domingues, Eliana Alves | | Current Nutrition & Food Science. 2022; 18(1): 4 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 59 |
Genetic variations of renin-angiotensin and fibrinolytic systems and susceptibility to coronary artery disease: a population genetics perspective |
|
| Aysegul BAYRAMOGLU, Gokhan BAYRAMOGLU, Meral URHAN KUCUK, Halil I. GULER, Abdullah ARPACI | | Minerva Cardiology and Angiology. 2022; 70(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 60 |
Pooled prevalence of three major cardiovascular risk factors in patients undergoing left main bifurcation stenting: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
|
| Gianluca RIGATELLI, Marco ZUIN, Dobrin VASSILEV, Alberto MAZZA, Claudio BILATO, Loris RONCON | | Minerva Cardiology and Angiology. 2022; 70(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 61 |
Pathophysiological and clinical aspects of the circadian rhythm of arterial stiffness in diabetes mellitus: A minireview |
|
| Victoria A. Serhiyenko, Ludmila M. Serhiyenko, Volodymyr B. Sehin, Alexandr A. Serhiyenko | | Endocrine Regulations. 2022; 56(4): 284 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 62 |
Variations in coronary artery diameter: a retrospective observational study in Indian population |
|
| Rupali Mahajan B, Atul Atmaram A, Preeti Meshram, Nisha Vinod Ranadhir, Shantha Hattangadi | | Heart, Vessels and Transplantation. 2022; 0(Ahead of P) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 63 |
Knowledge of modifiable cardiovascular diseases risk factors and its primary prevention practices among diabetic patients at Jimma University Medical Centre: A cross-sectional study |
|
| Abdata Workina, Asaminew Habtamu, Tujuba Diribsa, Fikadu Abebe, Maurizio Trevisan | | PLOS Global Public Health. 2022; 2(7): e0000575 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 64 |
Inequalities in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors in Brazilian slum populations: A cross-sectional study |
|
| Jasper J. L. Chan, Linh Tran-Nhu, Charlie F. M. Pitcairn, Anthony A. Laverty, Matías Mrejen, Julia M. Pescarini, Thomas V. Hone, Peter Bai James | | PLOS Global Public Health. 2022; 2(9): e0000990 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 65 |
Improving physical and psychological outcomes of cardiac patients using the Naluri app: A study protocol for a randomized controlled trial |
|
| Darlina H. Fadil Azim, Azmee Mohd Ghazi, Siew Hoon Ong, Hariyati S. Abdul Majid, Karen Morgan, Anne Hickey | | HRB Open Research. 2022; 5: 75 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 66 |
Vegetarian ethnic foods of South India: review on the influence of traditional knowledge |
|
| Srinidhi K. Parthasarathi, Ananda Vardhan Hebbani, Padma Priya Dharmavaram Desai | | Journal of Ethnic Foods. 2022; 9(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 67 |
Triglyceride glucose index for the detection of the severity of coronary artery disease in different glucose metabolic states in patients with coronary heart disease: a RCSCD-TCM study in China |
|
| Jinyu Su, Zhu Li, Mengnan Huang, Yang Wang, Tong Yang, Mei Ma, Tongyao Ni, Guangwei Pan, Ziqin Lai, Chunjie Li, Lin Li, Chunquan Yu | | Cardiovascular Diabetology. 2022; 21(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 68 |
Unsupervised machine learning based on clinical factors for the detection of coronary artery atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus |
|
| Yu Jiang, Zhi-Gang Yang, Jin Wang, Rui Shi, Pei-Lun Han, Wen-Lei Qian, Wei-Feng Yan, Yuan Li | | Cardiovascular Diabetology. 2022; 21(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 69 |
Relationship between active Helicobacter pylori infection and risk factors of cardiovascular diseases, a cross-sectional hospital-based study in a Sub-Saharan setting |
|
| Lionel Danny Nguefak Tali, Ghislaine Florice Nintewoue Faujo, Justine Laure Nguieguia Konang, Jean Paul Dzoyem, Laure Brigitte Mabeku Kouitcheu | | BMC Infectious Diseases. 2022; 22(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 70 |
The effects of olive leaf extract on cardiovascular risk factors in the general adult population: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials |
|
| Elham Razmpoosh, Shima Abdollahi, Mahdieh Mousavirad, Cain C. T. Clark, Sepideh Soltani | | Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome. 2022; 14(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 71 |
Chrysin reduces hypercholesterolemia-mediated atherosclerosis through modulating oxidative stress, microflora, and apoptosis in experimental rats |
|
| Subramani Yuvaraj, Sundrasen Sasikumar, Shanavas Syed Mohamed Puhari, Tharmarajan Ramprasath, Nagarethinam Baskaran, Varadaraj Vasudevan, Govindan Sadasivam Selvam | | Journal of Food Biochemistry. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 72 |
Risk assessment indicators and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity to predict atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease |
|
| Hung-Ju Ko, Chuan-Chuan Liu, Po-Jui Hsu, Kuang-Chun Hu, Chung-Lieh Hung, Lo-Yip Yu, Yun-Chieh Huang, Shou-Chuan Shih | | Medicine. 2022; 101(32): e29609 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 73 |
Inequity in exercise-based interventions for adults with rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review |
|
| Natalie Jenkins, Nishita Jhundoo, Philippa Rainbow, Katie Jane Sheehan, Lindsay Mary Bearne | | Rheumatology Advances in Practice. 2022; 7(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 74 |
The Impact of Accelerated Diagnostic Protocol Implementation on Chest Pain Observation Unit Utilization |
|
| Iltifat Husain, Simon A. Mahler, Brian C. Hiestand, Chadwick D. Miller, Jason P. Stopyra | | Critical Pathways in Cardiology: A Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine. 2022; 21(1): 7 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 75 |
Why binge television viewing can be bad for you |
|
| Setor K. Kunutsor, Jari A. Laukkanen | | Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 76 |
A urinary peptidomics approach for early stages of cardiovascular disease risk: The African-PREDICT study |
|
| Dalene de Beer, Catharina M. C. Mels, Aletta E. Schutte, Christian Delles, Sheon Mary, William Mullen, Harald Mischak, Ruan Kruger | | Hypertension Research. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 77 |
Increased risk of coronary heart disease with hysterectomy in young women: A longitudinal follow-up study using a national health screening cohort |
|
| Hyo Geun Choi, Yoon Seok Koh, Suk Woo Lee | | Maturitas. 2022; 157: 49 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 78 |
Living donor liver transplantation in a cohort of recipients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction |
|
| Pooja Bhangui, Prashant Bhangui, Manish Aneja, Nishant Sharma, Nikunj Gupta, A.S. Soin, Vijay Vohra | | Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 79 |
Effect of losartan potassium, metformin hydrochloride, and simvastatin on in vitro bioaccessibility of Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn in oat flour from Brazil |
|
| Wellington Correia de Carvalho, Thaís Luz de Sousa, Ana Cláudia Lima de Jesus, Laís Araújo Souza, Luana Cardoso dos Santos, Saul Vislei Simões da Silva, Daniele Cristina Muniz Batista Santos, Aníbal de Freitas Santos Júnior, Maria das Graças Andrade Korn | | Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology. 2022; : 127032 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 80 |
Role of miRNA-27a and miRNA-224 in posttranscriptional regulation of PCSK9 gene in Iraqi patient with coronary artery disease |
|
| Marwa M. Mostafa, Salwa J. Al-Awadi, Shaimaa Y. Abdulfattah | | Human Gene. 2022; : 201121 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 81 |
Complications of Vascular Disease |
|
| Jesse Kiefer, Michael Mazzeffi | | Anesthesiology Clinics. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 82 |
Coronary Artery Disease and Aspirin Intolerance: Background and Insights on Current Management |
|
| Ravi A. Thakker, Leonardo Salazar, Deaa Abu Jazar, Pooja Bhakta, Bryan Baker, Chandani Patel, Ayman Elbadawi, Mayank Agarwal, Aiham Albaeni, Mohammed Saleh, Jonathan Esclovan, Danielle El Haddad, Hashim Alwash, Ankur Kalra, Sachin S. Goel, Robert Jay Widmer, Khaled Chatila, Wissam Khalife, Afaq Motiwala, Jennifer McCracken, Hani Jneid, Syed Gilani | | Cardiology and Therapy. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 83 |
The efficacy of Zingiber officinale on dyslipidaemia, blood pressure, and inflammation as cardiovascular risk factors: A systematic review |
|
| Chelsea Courtney Daniels, Zaiyaan Isaacs, Renata Finelli, Kristian Leisegang | | Clinical Nutrition ESPEN. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 84 |
Longitudinal effects of lipid indices on incident cardiovascular diseases adjusting for time-varying confounding using marginal structural models: 25 years follow-up of two US cohort studies |
|
| Fatemeh Koohi, Davood Khalili, Hamid Soori, Maryam Nazemipour, Mohammad Ali Mansournia | | Global Epidemiology. 2022; : 100075 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 85 |
Estimation of the segmental left ventricular physical and mechanical parameters using echocardiographic imaging for stent candidate patients |
|
| Zeinab Alsadat Ahmadi, Manijhe Mokhtari Dizaji, Anita Sadeghpour, Hamideh Khesali, Ata Firouzi | | Journal of Clinical Ultrasound. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 86 |
Commercial pure titanium – A potential candidate for cardiovascular stent |
|
| M. Mohanta, A. Thirugnanam | | Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik. 2022; 53(12): 1518 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 87 |
Effects of intervention on lifestyle changes among coronary artery disease patients: A 6-month follow-up study |
|
| Pramila Gaudel, Subas Neupane, Anna-Maija Koivisto, Marja Kaunonen, Anja Rantanen | | Nursing Open. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 88 |
Daytime napping and coronary heart disease risk in adults: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis |
|
| Nader Salari, Sajjad Moradi, Reza Bagheri, Sepide Talebi, Alexei Wong, Basir Babavaisi, Mohammad ali Hojjati Kermani, Niloofar Hemati | | Sleep and Breathing. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 89 |
The correlation of long non-coding RNAs IFNG-AS1 and ZEB2-AS1 with IFN-? and ZEB-2 expression in PBMCs and clinical features of patients with coronary artery disease |
|
| Ali rafiei, Farnaz Khodabakhsh, Reza Ahangari Cohan, Fatemeh Azadegan-Dehkordi, Morteza Salimian | | Molecular Biology Reports. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 90 |
Forensic autopsy-confirmed thrombosis-related deaths: the danger in the bones |
|
| Walter J. Janse van Rensburg, Leriska Haupt | | Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 91 |
Role of Sex in Atherosclerosis: Does Sex Matter? |
|
| Bhavi Trivedi, Rohan Desai, Kunal Mishra, Lisa Aimee Hechanova, Mehran Abolbashari | | Current Cardiology Reports. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 92 |
Contraception for Adolescents and Young Women with Type 2 Diabetes–Specific Considerations |
|
| Paulina M. Merino, Ethel Codner | | Current Diabetes Reports. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 93 |
Personalized Recommendation Method for Preventing Elderly People from Cardiovascular Disease Complication Using Integrated Objective Distance |
|
| Supansa Chaising,Ramjee Prasad,Punnarumol Temdee | | Wireless Personal Communications. 2021; 117(1): 215 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 94 |
The Effect of Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy on Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Patients with Severe Obesity |
|
| Yusuf Cekici,Bedri Caner Kaya,Hasan Elkan | | Obesity Surgery. 2021; 31(2): 738 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 95 |
The effectiveness of planned discharge education on health knowledge and beliefs in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a randomized controlled trial |
|
| Serap Tuna,Sezgi Çinar Pakyüz | | Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -). 2021; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 96 |
Uncurtaining the pivotal role of ABC transporters in diabetes mellitus |
|
| Tapan Behl,Aayush Sehgal,Madhuri Grover,Sukhbir Singh,Neelam Sharma,Saurabh Bhatia,Ahmed Al-Harrasi,Lotfi Aleya,Simona Bungau | | Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 97 |
Association between satellite-based estimates of long-term PM2.5 exposure and cardiovascular disease: evidence from the Indonesian Family Life Survey |
|
| Sepridawati Siregar, Nora Idiawati, Wen-Chi Pan, Kuo-Pin Yu | | Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 98 |
Phytotherapy with active tea constituents: a review |
|
| Ajay Rana,Shalika Rana,Sanjay Kumar | | Environmental Chemistry Letters. 2021; 19(3): 2031 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 99 |
Chrysin attenuates high-fat-diet-induced myocardial oxidative stress via upregulating eNOS and Nrf2 target genes in rats |
|
| Subramani Yuvaraj,Tharmarajan Ramprasath,Balakrishnan Saravanan,Varadaraj Vasudevan,Sundaresan Sasikumar,Govindan Sadasivam Selvam | | Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry. 2021; 476(7): 2719 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 100 |
Convolutional and recurrent neural networks for the detection of valvular heart diseases in phonocardiogram recordings |
|
| Mohanad Alkhodari,Luay Fraiwan | | Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine. 2021; 200: 105940 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 101 |
Histamine 2 receptors in cardiovascular biology: A friend for the heart |
|
| Sherin Saheera, Ajay Godwin Potnuri, Ashrith Guha, Suresh S. Palaniyandi, Rajarajan A. Thandavarayan | | Drug Discovery Today. 2021; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 102 |
Strengthening the Case for Cluster Set Resistance Training in Aged and Clinical Settings: Emerging Evidence, Proposed Benefits and Suggestions |
|
| Christopher Latella,Carolyn Peddle-McIntyre,Lauren Marcotte,James Steele,Kristina Kendall,Ciaran M. Fairman | | Sports Medicine. 2021; 51(7): 1335 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 103 |
Cannabis Use and Electrocardiographic Myocardial Injury |
|
| Travis M. Skipina,Bharathi Upadhya,Elsayed Z. Soliman | | The American Journal of Cardiology. 2021; 151: 100 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 104 |
A hybrid approach for mortality prediction for heart patients using ACO-HKNN |
|
| C. Sowmiya,P. Sumitra | | Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing. 2021; 12(5): 5405 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 105 |
Investigation of climate change impacts on long-term care facility occupants |
|
| Sara Wollschlaeger, Ayan Sadhu, Ghazal Ebrahimi, Angie Woo | | City and Environment Interactions. 2021; : 100077 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 106 |
A Meta-Analysis on the Global Prevalence, Risk factors and Screening of Coronary Heart Disease in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease |
|
| Jonathan Zhi Kai Toh, Xin-Hui Pan, Phoebe Wen Lin Tay, Cheng Han Ng, Jie Ning Yong, Jieling Xiao, Jin Hean Koh, En Ying Tan, Eunice Xiang Xuan Tan, Yock Young Dan, Poay Huan Loh, Roger Foo, Nicholas W.S. Chew, Arun J. Sanyal, Mark D. Muthiah, Mohammad Shadab Siddiqui | | Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 2021; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 107 |
The relationship of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status to selected modifiable risk factors in coronary artery disease patients |
|
| Anoop Vijayan,V. Chithra,C. Sandhya | | International Journal of Cardiology Hypertension. 2021; 8: 100077 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 108 |
Evaluation of ERRFI1 +808 T/G variant and its mRNA expression in coronary artery in-stent restenosis |
|
| Maryam Mehrpooya,Saeedeh Asgarbeik,Aida Vahidi,Mahsa Mohammad Amoli,Seyed Kianoosh Hosseini | | Gene Reports. 2021; 24: 101248 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 109 |
Outbreak of SARS-CoV2: Pathogenesis of infection and cardiovascular involvement |
|
| Hamideh Amirfakhryan,Fatemeh safari | | Hellenic Journal of Cardiology. 2021; 62(1): 13 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 110 |
The global prevalence of Chlamydia pneumoniae, Helicobacter pylori, Cytomegalovirus and Herpes simplex virus in patients with coronary artery disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
|
| Masoud Dadashi,Bahareh Hajikhani,Mona Ghazi,Shahrooz Yazdani,Mehdi Goudarzi,Mohammad Javad Nasiri,Shervin Shokouhi,Parviz Owlia,Somayeh Yaslianifard | | Microbial Pathogenesis. 2021; 152: 104572 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 111 |
Effects of guar gum supplementation on the lipid profile: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials |
|
| Jianbei Lin, Yan Sun, Heitor O. Santos, Mihnea-Alexandru Gaman, Latha T. Bhat, Yan Cui | | Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases. 2021; 31(12): 3271 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 112 |
Examining Acute Coronary Syndrome Across Ethnicity, Sex, and Age |
|
| Kristofer De Leon, Elizabeth J. Winokur | | The Journal for Nurse Practitioners. 2021; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 113 |
In silico investigation on alkaloids of Rauwolfia serpentina as potential inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase |
|
| Muhammad Bilal Azmi,Saleha Sultana,Sadaf Naeem,Shamim Akhtar Qureshi | | Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 2021; 28(1): 731 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 114 |
An evaluation of lipid profile and pro-inflammatory cytokines as determinants of cardiovascular disease in those with diabetes: a study on a Mexican American cohort |
|
| Amna Tahir,Perla J. Martinez,Fayyaz Ahmad,Susan P. Fisher-Hoch,Joseph McCormick,Jennifer L. Gay,Shaper Mirza,Safee Ullah Chaudhary | | Scientific Reports. 2021; 11(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 115 |
Unmet Medical Need as a Driver for Pharmaceutical Sciences – A Survey Among Scientists |
|
| Z. Kusynová, G.M. Pauletti, H.A van den Ham, H.G.M. Leufkens, A.K. Mantel-Teeuwisse | | Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2021; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 116 |
Modelling the spread of atherosclerosis considering relapse and linear treatment |
|
| A Islamilova,D Aldila,W Giyarti,H Tasman | | Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2021; 1722: 012039 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 117 |
A Numerical Analysis of Blood Flow in Clogged Artery |
|
| Nilesh Sahu,Ayush Sharama,Pankaj Kumar | | Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2021; 1964(6): 062102 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 118 |
The Degradation of G3BP2 by Trim-away Method Inhibits Oscillatory Shear Stress induced Endothelial Cell Inflammation |
|
| M Safitri,T Li,M A E M Sihombing,J Qiu,G Wang | | IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2021; 741(1): 012066 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 119 |
Coronary calcification is associated with elevated serum lipoprotein (a) levels in asymptomatic men over the age of 45 years |
|
| Young Hak Chung,Byoung-Kwon Lee,Hyuck Moon Kwon,Pil-Ki Min,Eui-Young Choi,Young Won Yoon,Bum-Kee Hong,Se-Joong Rim,Jong-Youn Kim | | Medicine. 2021; 100(9): e24962 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 120 |
Effects of Danhong injection on cardiac function and blood lipid in patients with angina pectoris of coronary heart disease |
|
| Jian Liang, Xiaojiao He, Hongyu Zhou, Peng Liang | | Medicine. 2021; 100(43): e27479 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 121 |
Contribution of lncRNA CASC8, CASC11, and PVT1 Genetic Variants to the Susceptibility of Coronary Heart Disease |
|
| Yan Lu,Wei Yuan,Lan Wang,Mingan Ning,Yuan Han,Wenjuan Gu,Tingting Zhao,Fenqing Shang,Xuan Guo | | Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology. 2021; 77(6): 756 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 122 |
Effects of data preprocessing on results of the epidemiological analysis of coronary heart disease and behaviour-related risk factors |
|
| Ari Voutilainen,Christina Brester,Mikko Kolehmainen,Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen | | Annals of Medicine. 2021; 53(1): 890 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 123 |
Ultra-processed foods consumption is associated with cardiovascular disease and cardiometabolic risk factors in Brazilians with established cardiovascular events |
|
| Alessandra da Silva,Matheus Brum Felício,Ana Paula Silva Caldas,Helen Hermana Hermsdorff,Camila Ragne Torreglosa,Ângela Cristine Bersch-Ferreira,Bernardete Weber,Aline Marcadenti,Josefina Bressan | | International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition. 2021; : 1 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 124 |
An Integrated Machine Learning Framework for Effective Prediction of Cardiovascular Diseases |
|
| Aqsa Rahim,Yawar Rasheed,Farooque Azam,Muhammad Waseem Anwar,Muhammad Abdul Rahim,Abdul Wahab Muzaffar | | IEEE Access. 2021; 9: 106575 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 125 |
A hybrid recurrent neural network
-
logistic chaos-based whale optimization framework for heart disease prediction with
electronic health records |
|
| P. Priyanga,Veena V. Pattankar,S. Sridevi | | Computational Intelligence. 2021; 37(1): 315 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 126 |
Adherence to guideline-recommended HbA1c testing frequency and better outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes: a 5-year retrospective cohort study in Australian general practice |
|
| Chisato Imai, Ling Li, Rae-Anne Hardie, Andrew Georgiou | | BMJ Quality & Safety. 2021; 30(9): 706 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 127 |
Supporting Real World Decision Making in Coronary Diseases Using Machine Learning |
|
| Peter Kokol, Jan Jurman, Tajda Bogovic, Tadej Završnik, Jernej Završnik, Helena Blažun Vošner | | INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing. 2021; 58: 0046958021 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 128 |
Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Colombian Penitentiary Staff: An Interdisciplinary View of a High-Risk Occupation |
|
| Luz Mery Contreras-Ramos, Omar Alberto Domínguez Amorocho | | Hispanic Health Care International. 2021; : 1540415321 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 129 |
Relative Impact of Clinical Risk Versus Procedural Risk on Clinical Outcomes After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention |
|
| Jeehoon Kang,Kyung Woo Park,Hak Seung Lee,Chengbin Zheng,Tae-Min Rhee,You-Jeong Ki,Mineok Chang,Jung-Kyu Han,Han-Mo Yang,Hyun-Jae Kang,Bon-Kwon Koo,Hyo-Soo Kim | | Circulation: Cardiovascular Interventions. 2021; 14(2) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 130 |
Validation and comparison of 28 risk prediction models for coronary artery disease |
|
| Chris Lenselink,Daan Ties,Rick Pleijhuis,Pim van der Harst | | European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. 2021; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 131 |
Extent of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients With Stenotic Bicuspid Versus Tricuspid Aortic Valves |
|
| Onur B. Dolmaci,Juno Legué,Jan H. N. Lindeman,Antoine H. G. Driessen,Robert J. M. Klautz,Thomas J. Van Brakel,Hans-Marc J. Siebelink,Bart J. A. Mertens,Robert E. Poelmann,Adriana C. Gittenberger-de Groot,Nimrat Grewal | | Journal of the American Heart Association. 2021; 10(12) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 132 |
New susceptibility alleles associated with severe coronary artery stenosis in the Lebanese population |
|
| Victor Wakim,Elie Abi Khalil,Angelique K. Salloum,Georges Khazen,Michella Ghassibe-Sabbagh,Pierre A. Zalloua | | BMC Medical Genomics. 2021; 14(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 133 |
Effect of guidewire insertion in fractional flow reserve procedure for real geometry using computational fluid dynamics |
|
| Yasser Abuouf, Muhamed AlBadawi, Shinichi Ookawara, Mahmoud Ahmed | | BioMedical Engineering OnLine. 2021; 20(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 134 |
The optimal WC cut-off points for the prediction of subclinical CVD as measured by carotid intima-media thickness among African adults: a cross-sectional study |
|
| M. C. Ringane, S. S. R. Choma | | BMC Cardiovascular Disorders. 2021; 21(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 135 |
Sex differences in total cholesterol of Vietnamese adults |
|
| Nga Thi Thu Tran, Christopher Leigh Blizzard, Khue Ngoc Luong, Ngoc Le Van Ngoc Truong, Bao Quoc Tran, Petr Otahal, Mark R. Nelson, Costan G. Magnussen, Tan Van Bui, Velandai Srikanth, Thuy Bich Au, Son Thai Ha, Hai Ngoc Phung, Mai Hoang Tran, Michele Callisaya, Seana Gall, Lee-Ling Lim | | PLOS ONE. 2021; 16(8): e0256589 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 136 |
Prognostic Implication of Stress Induced Hyperglycemia in Non Diabetic Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome |
|
| Sanjay Tukaram Thorat, , Radhika Ratanlal Bajaj, Vaibhav Vijay Rane, Avanti Jayant Damle, Nikhil Dilip Patil, Pankaj Nivrutti Pawar | | Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences. 2021; 10(45): 3931 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 137 |
The serum levels of testosterone in coronary artery disease patients; relation to NO, eNOS, endothelin-1, and disease severity |
|
| Saeideh Akseh, Mohammad-Ali Karimi, Nasser Safaie, Amir Valizadeh, Dara Rahmanpour, Masoud Pezeshkian, Mohammad Nouri, Yousef Faridvand, Ahmadreza Jodati | | Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation. 2021; 0(0) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 138 |
Usability of Wireless ECG Body Sensor for Cardiac Function Monitoring During Field Testing |
|
| Boris Širaiy,Vladimir Ilic,Lazar Toskic | | Measurement Science Review. 2021; 21(2): 55 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 139 |
The relationship between the exercise capacity and somatotype components, body composition, and quadriceps strength in individuals with coronary artery disease |
|
| Melike Gültekin, Gülay Yeginoglu, Hasan Bingöl | | Journal of Clinical Medicine of Kazakhstan. 2021; 18(6): 62 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 140 |
Cardiovascular risk in primary care: comparison between Framingham Score and waist circumference |
|
| Nina Vitória de Souza Silva Andrade, Isis Marinho de Noronha, Larisse Xavier Almeida, Fernanda Siqueira, Tatiana Onofre | | REVISTA CIÊNCIAS EM SAÚDE. 2021; 11(4): 53 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 141 |
The effect of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) gene polymorphisms T(-107)C and L55M and diet composition on serum PON1 activity in women |
|
| Bianka Machado Zanini, Leticia Burkert, Fabiola Goettem dos Santos, Michal M. Masternak, José Augusto Crespo-Ribeiro, Carlos Castilho Barros, Sandra Costa Valle, Augusto Schneider | | Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2021; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 142 |
Machine learning algorithms for predicting coronary artery disease: efforts toward an open source solution |
|
| Aravind Akella,Sudheer Akella | | Future Science OA. 2021; 7(6): FSO698 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 143 |
Genetic information improves the prediction of major adverse cardiovascular events in the GENEMACOR population |
|
| Maria Isabel Mendonça,Eva Henriques,Sofia Borges,Ana Célia Sousa,Andreia Pereira,Marina Santos,Margarida Temtem,Sónia Freitas,Joel Monteiro,João Adriano Sousa,Ricardo Rodrigues,Graça Guerra,Roberto Palma dos Reis | | Genetics and Molecular Biology. 2021; 44(2) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 144 |
The effect of IgG fraction from blood plasma of patients with acute coronary syndromes on the parameters of primary haemostasis |
|
| T. Marynenko, T. Halenova, L. Ostapchenko | | Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Series: Biology. 2021; (87): 27 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 145 |
Combined lipid-lowering therapy from standpoint of modern guidelines for management of dyslipidaemias |
|
| O. D. Ostroumova, A. I. Kochetkov, A. I. Listratov | | Medical alphabet. 2021; (17): 13 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 146 |
Harnessing the Benefits of Endogenous Hydrogen Sulfide to Reduce Cardiovascular Disease |
|
| Kevin M. Casin,John W. Calvert | | Antioxidants. 2021; 10(3): 383 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 147 |
Genetic Polymorphisms of NLRP3 (rs4612666) and CARD8 (rs2043211) in Periodontitis and Cardiovascular Diseases |
|
| Jaideep Mahendra,Abirami Nayaki Rao,Little Mahendra,Hytham N. Fageeh,Hammam Ibrahim Fageeh,Thodur Madapusi Balaji,Saranya Varadarajan,Raghunathan Jagannathan,Deepak Mehta,Venkata V. Suresh,A. Thirumal Raj,Shankargouda Patil | | Biology. 2021; 10(7): 592 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 148 |
Plasma Oxylipins: A Potential Risk Assessment Tool in Atherosclerotic Coronary Artery Disease |
|
| D. Elizabeth Le,Manuel García-Jaramillo,Gerd Bobe,Armando Alcazar Magana,Ashish Vaswani,Jessica Minnier,Donald B. Jump,Diana Rinkevich,Nabil J. Alkayed,Claudia S. Maier,Sanjiv Kaul | | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine. 2021; 8 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 149 |
Clusters of the Risk Markers and the Pattern of Premature Coronary Heart Disease: An Application of the Latent Class Analysis |
|
| Leila Jahangiry, Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi, Mahdi Najafi, Parvin Sarbakhsh | | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine. 2021; 8 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 150 |
The Effects of Anthocyanin-Rich Bilberry Extract on Transintestinal Cholesterol Excretion |
|
| Jimin Hong, Minji Kim, Bohkyung Kim | | Foods. 2021; 10(11): 2852 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 151 |
Factors Affecting the Intention to Modify Lifestyle in the Cardiovascular Disease Risk Group in Korea |
|
| JaeLan Shim,KyungAe Kim | | Healthcare. 2021; 9(5): 496 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 152 |
Hair Lead, Aluminum, and Other Toxic Metals in Normal-Weight and Obese Patients with Coronary Heart Disease |
|
| Anatoly V. Skalny,Philippe Yu Kopylov,Monica M. B. Paoliello,Jung-Su Chang,Michael Aschner,Igor P. Bobrovnitsky,Jane C.-J. Chao,Jan Aaseth,Sergei N. Chebotarev,Alexey A. Tinkov | | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(15): 8195 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 153 |
Endometriosis Is Associated with an Increased Risk of Coronary Artery Disease in Asian Women |
|
| Pei-Chen Li, Yu-Cih Yang, Jen-Hung Wang, Shinn-Zong Lin, Dah-Ching Ding | | Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2021; 10(18): 4173 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 154 |
Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases and Vascular Function: The Concept of Autoimmune Atherosclerosis |
|
| Ahmed M. Hedar, Martin H. Stradner, Andreas Roessler, Nandu Goswami | | Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2021; 10(19): 4427 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 155 |
The Impact of Advance Directive Perspectives on the Completion of Life-Sustaining Treatment Decisions in Patients with Heart Failure: A Prospective Study |
|
| JinShil Kim, Seongkum Heo, Bong Roung Kim, Soon Yong Suh, Jae Lan Shim, Minjeong An, Mi-Seung Shin | | Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2021; 10(24): 5962 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 156 |
A Machine Learning Approach for Heart Attack Prediction |
|
| Suraj Kumar Gupta, Aditya Shrivastava, Satya Prakash Upadhyay, Pawan Kumar Chaurasia* | | International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology. 2021; 10(6): 124 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 157 |
KNOWLEDGE REGARDING RISK FACTORS AND PREVENTION OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE (CAD) AMONG BANK WORKERS OF BANKS: A PREEXPERIMENTAL STUDY |
|
| Suhasinee Alias,Sudha Reddi | | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH. 2021; : 39 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 158 |
The Risk Factors of Coronary Heart Disease and its Relationship with Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase |
|
| Eka Fithra Elfi,Eva Decroli,Ellyza Nasrul,Yanwirasti Yanwirasti,Eryati Darwin | | Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2021; 9(B): 451 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 159 |
Determinants of Coronary Heart Disease Incidence among Indonesian Hajj Pilgrims Hospitalized in Saudi Arabia in 2019 |
|
| Juniarty Naim, Wahiduddin Wahiduddin, Masni Masni, Ridwan Amiruddin, Irwandy Irwandy, M. Nadjib Bustan | | Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2021; 9(E): 798 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 160 |
Quantitative determination of EPA and DHA in fish oil capsules for cardiovascular disease therapy in Indonesia by GC-MS |
|
| Amelia Lorensia,Ryanto Budiono,Rivan Virlando Suryadinata,Navy Tiarasari | | Journal of Public Health Research. 2021; 10(2) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 161 |
Diabesity lipid index: A potential novel marker of 10-year cardiovascular risk |
|
| TaoreedAdegoke Azeez | | Vascular Investigation and Therapy. 2021; 4(3): 70 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 162 |
Cross-Sectional Study of Plant Sterols Intake as a Basis for Designing Appropriate Plant Sterol-Enriched Food in Indonesia |
|
| Drajat Martianto,Atikah Bararah,Nuri Andarwulan,Dominika Srednicka-Tober | | Nutrients. 2021; 13(2): 452 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 163 |
A Six-Day, Lifestyle-Based Immersion Program Mitigates Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Induces Shifts in Gut Microbiota, Specifically Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii: A Pilot Study |
|
| Angelica P. Ahrens, Tyler Culpepper, Brittany Saldivar, Stephen Anton, Scott Stoll, Eileen M. Handberg, Ke Xu, Carl Pepine, Eric W. Triplett, Monica Aggarwal | | Nutrients. 2021; 13(10): 3459 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 164 |
The Expression of Allele Changes in NLRP3 (rs35829419) and IL-1ß (+3954) Gene Polymorphisms in Periodontitis and Coronary Artery Disease |
|
| Jaideep Mahendra, Abirami Nayaki Rao, Little Mahendra, Mohammed E. Sayed, Maryam H. Mugri, Thodur Madapusi Balaji, Saranya Varadarajan, Raghunathan Jagannathan, Sruthi Srinivasan, Hosam Ali Baeshen, Reji Mathew, Shankargouda Patil | | Materials. 2021; 14(17): 5103 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 165 |
Evaluation of the Relationship between Hematological Indices and Cardiovascular Events in Isfahan Cohort Study |
|
| Atieh Jafari, Azam Soleimani, Masoumeh Sadeghi, Hamidreza Roohafza, Mohammad Talaei, Minoo Dianatkhah, Nizal Sarrafzadegan | | Avicenna Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2021; 28(3): 151 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 166 |
Coronary Artery Calcium Score - A Reliable Indicator of Coronary Artery Disease? |
|
| Devarashetty Shreya, Diana I Zamora, Gautami S Patel, Idan Grossmann, Kevin Rodriguez, Mridul Soni, Pranay K Joshi, Saawan C Patel, Ibrahim Sange | | Cureus. 2021; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 167 |
Modifiable and Non-modifiable Risk Factors in Myocardial Infarction in the Iranian Population |
|
| Mina Abolfazli, Mahshid Akbari, Mohammad Abbasinia, Mina Gaeeni, Bahman Aghaie | | Journal of Vessels and Circulation. 2020; 1(4): 21 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 168 |
Atherosklerosis and dementia |
|
| Anna Zatloukalová,Martin Roubec,David Školoudík,Petr Ambroz,Ondrej Machaczka,Jana Janoutová,Vladimír Janout | | Profese online. 2020; 13(1): 17 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 169 |
Modifying Stressors Using Betty Neuman System Modeling in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft: a Randomized Clinical Trial |
|
| Elham Akhlaghi,Sima Babaei,Shahla Abolhassani | | Journal of Caring Sciences. 2020; 9(1): 13 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 170 |
Predictors of cardiac self-efficacy among patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease in tertiary hospitals in Nepal |
|
| Rabina Shrestha,Lal Rawal,Rashmita Bajracharya,Anup Ghimire | | Journal of Public Health Research. 2020; 9(4) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 171 |
Metabolic changes after bariatric surgical procedures |
|
| Mohammed Ahmed,Saad Hummady,Falih ALgazgoos | | Iraqi National Journal of Medicine. 2020; 2(1): 14 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 172 |
Spatial Co-Clustering of Cardiovascular Diseases and Select Risk Factors among Adults in South Africa |
|
| Timotheus B. Darikwa,Samuel O. Manda | | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(10): 3583 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 173 |
Evaluation of Psychological Stress Parameters in Coronary Patients by Three Different Questionnaires as Pre-Requisite for Comprehensive Rehabilitation |
|
| Ana Maria Pah,Nicoleta Florina Buleu,Anca Tudor,Ruxandra Christodorescu,Dana Velimirovici,Stela Iurciuc,Maria Rada,Gheorghe Stoichescu-Hogea,Marius Badalica-Petrescu,Doina Georgescu,Dorina Nutiu,Mircea Iurciuc,Simona Dragan | | Brain Sciences. 2020; 10(5): 316 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 174 |
Antiplatelet Ilaç Kullaniminin Mesane Kanseri Tanisi Üzerindeki Etkileri: Kolaylastirici mi, Zorlastirici mi? |
|
| Haci Ibrahim CIMEN,Deniz GUL | | Yeni Üroloji Dergisi. 2020; 15(2): 3 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 175 |
Awareness of the Risk Factors for Heart Attack Among the General Public in Pahang, Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study |
|
| Abdullah Abdulmajid Abdo Ahmed,Abdulkareem Mohammed AL-Shami,Shazia Jamshed,Mohammed Zawiah,Mohamed Hassan Elnaem,Mohamed Izham Mohamed Ibrahim | | Risk Management and Healthcare Policy. 2020; Volume 13: 3089 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 176 |
Association between Coronary Artery Disease and rs10757278 and rs1333049 Polymorphisms in 9p21 Locus in Iran |
|
| Farbod Yaghoubi Hariri,Iman Salahshourifar,Shohreh Zare Karizi | | Reports of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 2020; 9(1): 58 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 177 |
Eating behavior affects cardio-metabolic risk in high school teenagers in a developing country |
|
| Rita Suhadi,Phebe Hendra,Dita Maria Virginia,Christianus Heru Setiawan | | Medical Journal of Indonesia. 2020; 29(1): 71 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 178 |
Contribution of CYP24A1 variants in coronary heart disease among the Chinese population |
|
| Peng Qian,Xuanchao Cao,Xianjing Xu,Mingqin Duan,Qian Zhang,Gairong Huang | | Lipids in Health and Disease. 2020; 19(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 179 |
The Role of Gender in the Importance of Risk Factors for Coronary Artery Disease |
|
| Farshid Gheisari,Melika Emami,Hadi Raeisi Shahraki,Saeid Samipour,Parastoo Nematollahi | | Cardiology Research and Practice. 2020; 2020: 1 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 180 |
Is the History of Erectile Dysfunction a Reliable Risk Factor for New Onset Acute Myocardial Infarction? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
|
| Ahmed Adam,Jared McDowall,Sunday Joseph Aigbodion,Callistus Enyuma,Sean Buchanan,Ahmed Vachiat,Judy Sheahan,Abdullah Ebrahim Laher | | Current Urology. 2020; 14(3): 122 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 181 |
Relationship of periodontitis and edentulism to angiographically diagnosed coronary artery disease: A cross-sectional study |
|
| Mehtap Bilgin Çetin,Canan Önder,Kaan Orhan,Deniz Kumbasar,Muhittin Abdulkadir Serdar,Elif Ünsal | | Journal of Periodontal Research. 2020; 55(6): 895 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 182 |
Scientist-led Exercise Testing Is Safe With Diagnostic Interpretation Equivalent to a Cardiologist |
|
| Mark Whitman,Cliantha Padayachee,Prue Tilley,Casey Sear,Shelley Rosanoff,Hadeir El Shinawi,Christiana Manolis,Carly Jenkins,Prasad Challa | | Critical Pathways in Cardiology: A Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine. 2020; 19(1): 14 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 183 |
Model selection for metabolomics: predicting diagnosis of coronary artery disease using automated machine learning |
|
| Alena Orlenko,Daniel Kofink,Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen,Kjell Nikus,Pashupati Mishra,Pekka Kuukasjärvi,Pekka J Karhunen,Mika Kähönen,Jari O Laurikka,Terho Lehtimäki,Folkert W Asselbergs,Jason H Moore,Janet Kelso. | | Bioinformatics. 2020; 36(6): 1772 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 184 |
Influenza vaccine and cardiac protection: a study from a tertiary care center |
|
| Umayya Musharrafieh,Jad Dergham,Carla Daou,Hani Tamim,Rana Houry,Abdul Rahman Bizri | | Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics. 2020; 16(4): 846 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 185 |
Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) Enhances Oxygen Saturation in Patients of Coronary Heart Disease |
|
| A Cahyati,L Herliana,S Februanti | | Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2020; 1477: 062018 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 186 |
Menopause symptom management in women with dyslipidemias: An EMAS clinical guide |
|
| Panagiotis Anagnostis,Johannes Bitzer,Antonio Cano,Iuliana Ceausu,Peter Chedraui,Fatih Durmusoglu,Risto Erkkola,Dimitrios G. Goulis,Angelica Lindén Hirschberg,Ludwig Kiesel,Patrice Lopes,Amos Pines,Mick van Trotsenburg,Irene Lambrinoudaki,Margaret Rees | | Maturitas. 2020; 135: 82 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 187 |
Analysis of the effect of guidewire position on stenosis diagnosis using computational fluid dynamics |
|
| Yasser Abuouf,Shinichi Ookawara,Mahmoud Ahmed | | Computers in Biology and Medicine. 2020; 121: 103777 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 188 |
miRNA polymorphisms and risk of premature coronary artery disease |
|
| Konstantinos Agiannitopoulos,Pinelopi Samara,Miranta Papadopoulou,Astradeni Efthymiadou,Eirini Papadopoulou,Georgios N. Tsaousis,George Mertzanos,Dimitrios Babalis,Klea Lamnissou | | Hellenic Journal of Cardiology. 2020; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 189 |
Study of the relationship between endothelial lipase gene polymorphism and serum levels of HDL-C, Apo A-I and severity of stenosis in non-diabetic coronary artery disease patients |
|
| Zohre Afshoon,Alireza Bahiraee,Fataneh Esmaeili,Elaheh Mansouri,Mohammad Amin Emami,Maryam Montaseri,Nahid Davoodian,Reyhane Ebrahimi,Ebrahim Eftekhar | | Gene Reports. 2020; 21: 100831 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 190 |
Association between genetic variants at chromosome 9p21 and risk of coronary artery disease in Emirati Type 2 Diabetes patients |
|
| Zahrah Baalfaqih,Fatima Sulaiman,Nadia Abu-Samra,Manar Alshaikh,Aurelie Mawart,Wael Osman,Wael Al Mahmeed,Guan Tay,Habiba Alsafar | | Gene Reports. 2020; 21: 100892 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 191 |
Feature selection and risk prediction for patients with coronary artery disease using data mining |
|
| Nashreen Md Idris,Yin Kia Chiam,Kasturi Dewi Varathan,Wan Azman Wan Ahmad,Kok Han Chee,Yih Miin Liew | | Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing. 2020; 58(12): 3123 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 192 |
Role of Aspirin for Primary Prevention in Persons with Diabetes Mellitus and in the Elderly |
|
| Neha J. Patel,Ragavendra R. Baliga | | Current Cardiology Reports. 2020; 22(7) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 193 |
Novel Point Mutations in Mitochondrial MT-CO2 Gene May Be Risk Factors for Coronary Artery Disease |
|
| Mohammad Mehdi Heidari,Fatemeh Sadat Mirfakhradini,Fahime Tayefi,Saghar Ghorbani,Mehri Khatami,Mehdi Hadadzadeh | | Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology. 2020; 191(3): 1326 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 194 |
Anthropometrics, diet, and resting energy expenditure in Norwegian adults with achondroplasia |
|
| Andrea Madsen,Svein O. Fredwall,Grethe Maanum,Christine Henriksen,Hanne B. Slettahjell | | American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A. 2019; 179(9): 1745 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 195 |
Optimal Non-invasive Strategies to Reduce Recurrent Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk |
|
| Maeve Jones-O’Connor,Pradeep Natarajan | | Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine. 2019; 21(8) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 196 |
Development of a joint population pharmacokinetic model of ezetimibe and its conjugated metabolite |
|
| K. Soulele,V. Karalis | | European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2019; 128: 18 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 197 |
APOE hypermethylation is significantly associated with coronary heart disease in males |
|
| Huihui Ji,Cong Zhou,Ranran Pan,Liyuan Han,Weihua Chen,Xiaofeng Xu,Yi Huang,Tianyi Huang,Yuhao Zou,Shiwei Duan | | Gene. 2019; 689: 84 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 198 |
Screening of Cardiovascular Disease in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Whom and How? |
|
| Narendra S. Choudhary,Ajay Duseja | | Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology. 2019; 9(4): 506 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 199 |
Immunotherapy for the rheumatoid arthritis-associated coronary artery disease: promise and future |
|
| Lun Wang,Yang Zhang,Shu-Yang Zhang | | Chinese Medical Journal. 2019; 132(24): 2972 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 200 |
Change in Trajectories of Adherence to Lipid-Lowering Drugs Following Non-Fatal Acute Coronary Syndrome or Stroke |
|
| Arsène Zongo,Scot Simpson,Jeffrey A. Johnson,Dean T. Eurich | | Journal of the American Heart Association. 2019; 8(23) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 201 |
Obstructive sleep apnoea in acute coronary syndrome |
|
| Winfried Randerath,Maria R. Bonsignore,Simon Herkenrath | | European Respiratory Review. 2019; 28(153): 180114 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 202 |
Alterations in the gut microbiome and metabolism with coronary artery disease severity |
|
| Honghong Liu,Xi Chen,Xiaomin Hu,Haitao Niu,Ran Tian,Hui Wang,Haiyu Pang,Lingjuan Jiang,Bintao Qiu,Xiuting Chen,Yang Zhang,Yiyangzi Ma,Si Tang,Hanyu Li,Siqin Feng,Shuyang Zhang,Chenhong Zhang | | Microbiome. 2019; 7(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 203 |
A Brief Review of Cardiovascular Diseases, Associated Risk Factors and Current Treatment Regimes |
|
| Gagan D. Flora,Manasa K. Nayak | | Current Pharmaceutical Design. 2019; 25(38): 4063 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 204 |
THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN LOW DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE AND HIGH ATHEROSCLEROTIC VASCULAR BURDEN IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE |
|
| Kavirayani P. Hemamalini,Bitra Veera Raghavulu,Akula Annapurna,Gadamsetty Rajkumar,Challapalli Narasimha Raju | | Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare. 2019; 6(14): 1109 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 205 |
Noninvasive Serum Fibrosis Markers are Associated with Coronary Artery Calcification in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease |
|
| Do Seon Song,U Im Chang,Sung-Goo Kang,Sang-Wook Song,Jin Mo Yang | | Gut and Liver. 2019; 13(6): 658 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 206 |
Supplementation with psyllium seed husk reduces myocardial damage in a rat model of ischemia/reperfusion |
|
| Sun Ha Lim,Jongwon Lee | | Nutrition Research and Practice. 2019; 13(3): 205 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 207 |
Genetic and Environmental Dispositions for Cardiovascular Variability: A Pilot Study |
|
| Radmila Karan,Suzana Cvjeticanin,Natasa Kovacevic-Kostic,Dejan Nikolic,Milos Velinovic,Vladimir Milicevic,Biljana Obrenovic-Kircanski | | Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2018; 7(9): 232 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 208 |
Analysis of the risk factors for contrast-induced nephropathy in over-aged patients receiving coronary intervention |
|
| Hui-Chao Pan,Xian-Hao Wu,Qian-Li Wan,Bao-Hong Liu and,Xu-Sheng Wu | | Experimental Biology and Medicine. 2018; 243(12): 970 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | |
|
 |
|
|
|
